Ku wa 22 Gashyantare 2023, Umunyemari Mironko François Xavier yahamijwe icyaha cyo gutuka urukiko bikorewe mu iburanisha ryo kuri iriya tariki. Icyo gihe yahise ajya gufungirwa I mu igororero rya Mageragere. Amagambo yazize harimo ko hari aho yabwiye urukiko ko ari mu karengane bitewe nuko urukiko rufata ibyemezo bibogamye kandi kuri we agasanga bimaze igihe bimugirirwaho nkana.

Urukiko rw’Ikirenga rushingiye ku ibaruwa yigeze kurwandikira muri Mutarama 2023 na yo yarimo amagambo arutesha agaciro no kuba yaranze ko gushyira mu bikorwa icyemezo urukiko rwafashe gishyiraho inzobere mu rubanza rwe, rwasanze iyo myitwarire igize icyaha cyo gutuka urukiko gikorewe mu iburanisha.

Rwahise rutegeka ko Mironko afungwa imyaka ibiri, icyakora umwaka umwe n’amezi icyenda bigirwa igihano gisubitse, bivuze yafunzwe amezi atatu.

Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ruvuga ko rwashingiye ku ngingo ya 81 y’Itegeko rigenga imanza za gisivile, ivuga ko mu gihe cy’iburanisha iyo hakozwe icyaha gihanishwa igihano kitarenga igifungo cy’imyaka itanu, urukiko, rushobora guhera ko ruhana uwagikoze kabone nubwo rwaba rudasanganywe ububasha bwo kuburanisha mu rwego rwa mbere bene ibyo byaha.

Muri icyo gihe, umucamanza ahagarika iburanisha, agategeka ushinzwe umutekano gusohora uwakoze icyaha, agasaba abari mu iburanisha kugira ituze.

Umwanditsi akora inyandiko mvugo y’ibyabaye.

Umucamanza ahita yandika urubanza ashingiye ku byabaye n’amategeko yishwe, hanyuma agahamagaza uwo bari basohoye, akamusomera urubanza amuciriye mu ngingo zarwo zose, agasubukura iburanisha.

Nta yindi mihango ikorwa cyangwa ngo ababuranyi bahabwe ijambo kugira ngo bagire icyo bavuga ku cyaha cyakozwe. Umunyemari Mironko François Xavier nyuma yo kumufunga yaregeye urukiko

Incamake y’ikibazo

Mironko yatanze ikirego muri uru Rukiko rw’Ikirenga asaba ko rwemeza ko ingingo ya 81 igika cya mbere n’icya kabiri, y’Itegeko No 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi nk’uko ryahinduwe kugeza ubu, inyuranyije n’ingingo ya 29 igika cya mbere, agace ka (a), (b) n’aka (c) n’iya 152, igika cya mbere, agace ka (a) n’aka (c) z’Itegeko Nshinga. Mbere yo gusuzuma iki kibazo, urukiko rwabanje gusuzuma niba Urega afite inyungu zo gutanga iki kirego, maze rwemeza ko ayifite kuko ingingo y’itegeko aregera ireba abanyarwanda bose na we arimo.

Urubanza rwakomeje mu mizi, Urega asobanura impamvu yatanze iki kirego avuga ko ku itariki ya 22/02/2023, mu iburanisha ry’urubanza RS/INJUST/RCOM00001/2019/SC, Urukiko rw’Ikirenga rwashingiye ku ngingo aregera ruhagarika iburanisha hanyuma ruca urubanza RP00001/2023/SC rumuha igihano ku cyaha cyakorewe mu iburanisha.

Avuga ko muri urwo rubanza yahanwe hashingiwe kuri iyo ngingo ya 81 y’Itegeko ryavuzwe haruguru, iteganya ko mu gihe cy’iburanisha iyo hakozwe icyaha gihanishwa igihano kitarenga igifungo cy’imyaka itanu (5), urukiko rushobora guhera ko ruhana uwagikoze kabone n’iyo rwaba rudasanganywe ububasha bwo kuburanisha mu rwego rwa mbere bene ibyo byaha. Muri icyo gihe, umucamanza ahagarika iburanisha, agategeka ushinzwe umutekano gusohora uwakoze icyaha, agasaba abari mu iburanisha kugira ituze. Umwanditsi akora inyandiko mvugo y’ibyabaye. 

Umucamanza ahita yandika urubanza ashingiye ku byabaye n’amategeko yishwe, hanyuma agahamagaza uwo bari basohoye, akamusomera urubanza amuciriye mu ngingo zarwo zose, agasubukura iburanisha. 

Nta yindi mihango ikorwa cyangwa ngo ababuranyi bahabwe ijambo kugira ngo bagire icyo bavuga ku cyaha cyakozwe. We asanga iyi ngingo inyuranyije n’uburenganzira bw’umuburanyi ku butabera buboneye, bityo akaba asaba uru Rukiko gutegeka ko ikurwaho agamije kugira ngo akarengane kamubayeho muri urwo rubanza katazongera kumubaho cyangwa kakagira n’undi muntu uwo ari we wese kagirirwa. 

Urega avuga ko mu burenganzira ku butabera buboneye buteganyijwe mu ngingo ya 29 y’Itegeko Nshinga butubahirijwe, harimo uburenganzira bwo kumenyeshwa ibikorwa bigize icyaha yahaniwe ngo abyiregureho, uburenganzira bwo kuburanira imbere y’urukiko rubifitiye ububasha kuko yaburaniye imbere y’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ruruta izindi bikamuvutsa uburenganzira bwo kujuririra icyemezo yafatiwe. 

Bivuze ko ingingo ya 81 y’Itegeko ryavuzwe haruguru yamwimye uburenganzira bwo kujuririra icyemezo yafatiwe mu rubanza RP00001/2023/SC. Asobanura kandi ko ingingo ya 81, igika cya mbere, y’Itegeko No 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryavuzwe haruguru, na none inyuranyije n’ingingo ya 29, igika cya mbere, y’Itegeko Nshinga kubera ko iteganya ko ukekwaho icyaha ahita ahanwa adahawe umwanya wo kumenyeshwa ibyo aregwa ngo anabyiregureho, ndetse agahita ahanwa adahawe uburenganzira bwo kunganirwa nk’uko abyemererwa n’Itegeko Nshinga. 

Avuga ko indi mpamvu asaba ko iyo ngingo yakurwaho, ari uko itanga icyuho kuko itigeze iteganya uko byagenda mu gihe rwaba ari urukiko rwa nyuma rufashe icyemezo cyo guhana umuntu atamenyeshejwe icyaha yakoze, ataburanye ndetse atemerewe no kujurira kandi harateganyijwe uburyo bw’ubujurire ku cyaha gikorewe mu iburanisha. Indi mpamvu Urega atanga ko iyo ngingo ikurwaho ni uko inyuranyije n’ihame ry’uko umuntu afatwa nk’umwere kugeza ahamijwe icyaha n’urukiko ku rwego rwa nyuma. 

Bisobanuye ko iha urukiko ububasha rutari rufite bwo kuburanisha urubanza rwiregeye, byumvikana ko nta butabera urwo rukiko rwatanga kuko rufata icyemezo cyo kwiregera rwamaze guhamya umuntu icyaha kandi rutabanje gusuzuma niba ibigize icyaha byuzuye. Avuga kandi ko kuba uregwa ahita ahanwa bwa mbere n’ubwa nyuma iyo icyaha cyakorewe mu Rukiko rw’Ikirenga bituma atagira uburenganzira bwo kujurira, nyamara mu gihe icyo cyaha cyakorewe mu zindi nkiko uwagikoze yemerewe kujurira. 

Urega asanga mu Rukiko rw’Ikirenga hari uburenganzira aba avukijwe, bityo iyo nenge ikaba igomba gukosorwa. Avuga kandi ko iyo ngingo ya 81 yaregeye inyuranyije n’ihame riteganyijwe mu ngingo ya 152, igika cya mbere, agace ka (a), y’Itegeko Nshinga, ry’uko ubutabera butangwa mu izina ry’abaturage, kandi ko ntawe ushobora kwicira urubanza, ndetse ikaba inanyuranyije n’ihame ry’uko imanza zose zibera mu ruhame riteganyijwe muri iyo ngingo ya 152 mu gace kayo ka (b). 

Urega asoza avuga ko bitumvikana uburyo umucamanza wakorewe icyaha yahindukira akaba ari we uburanisha urubanza rw’icyaha yakorewe, iyi ikaba ari inenge ikomeye kuko biba bisa nko kwiregera warangiza ukanicira urubanza. Uhagarariye Leta y’u Rwanda muri uru rubanza, avuga ko igika cya mbere cy’ingingo ya 81 y’Itegeko No 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryavuzwe haruguru kigaragaza uburyo bwo kwiregera k’urukiko rubyibwirije, ikagaragaza uburyo bwo guhana mu buryo bwihuse; ndetse igaha n’ububasha izindi nkiko zidasanzwe zifite bwo kuba zaburanisha ibyaha bikorewe mu iburanisha; mu gihe igika cya kabiri cy’iyi ngingo cyo gisobanura uburyo iburanisha ry’ibyo byaha rikorwa.

Uhagarariye Leta y’u Rwanda avuga ko ku byaha bikorewe mu iburanisha, Urukiko bikorewemo ruhita rugira ububasha rushobora gukomora mu mategeko cyangwa mu kuba rugomba kugira icyo rukora mu gutanga ituze mu iburanisha. Iyi ngingo ya 81 ntabwo ivuguruza Itegeko Nshinga kuko ubwaryo ritigeze riteganya urukiko rufite ububasha bwo kuburanisha bene ibyo byaha, ahubwo ni uko itegeko ryo mu Rwanda ryateganyije ko urukiko rwakorewemo bene ibyo byaha ari rwo rufite ububasha bwo kubiburanisha. 

Asobanura k’uby’Urega avuga ko ku byaha bikorewe mu iburanisha, umucamanza ari we wiregera akwicira urubanza kandi binyuranyije n’Itegeko Nshinga atari byo kuko icyaha cyakorewe mu iburanisha kidafatwa nk’icyakorewe umucamanza ku giti cye, ko ahubwo kiba cyakorewe rubanda. 

Avuga kandi ko ibyo ari ibyaha bihungabanya umudendezo wa rubanda, ku buryo Urukiko ruba rugomba kugira icyemezo cyihuse rubifataho kugira ngo habeho uburyo bwihuse bwo guhana ibikorwa bihungabanya umutekano w’iburanisha, kandi ntaho ubwo buryo bunyuranyije n’ingingo ya 29 n’iya 152 z’Itegeko Nshinga. 

Ku kibazo Urega avuga ko ingingo ya 81 iregerwa yamuvukije uburenganzira bwe bwo kujurira, Uhagarariye Leta y’u Rwanda avuga ko nta shingiro bifite kuko Urukiko rw’Ikirenga nk’Urukiko rukuriye izindi nkiko mu gihugu rufite ubwo bubasha bwo kuburanisha ku rwego rwa mbere n’urwa nyuma ibyaha bimwe na bimwe bitewe n’umwihariko w’abakekwaho ibyo byaha, bityo akaba atari umwihariko ku cyaha Urega yahaniwe. 

Aha Uhagarariye Leta avuga ko na we yemera ko umuburanyi afite uburenganzira bwo kujurira uretse ku birebana n’ibyemezo byafashwe n’inkiko zisumba izindi kuko uburenganzira bwo kujurira bufite aho bugarukira. 

Ku byo Urega avuga ko yavukijwe uburenganzira bwo kumenyeshwa ibyo aregwa no ku byisobanuraho, Uhagarariye Leta y’u Rwanda avuga ko yemeranywa na we ko kuba umucamanza ategeka ushinzwe umutekano gusohora uwakoze icyaha, maze agahita yandika urubanza ashingiye ku byabaye n’amategeko yishwe, hanyuma agahamagaza uwo bari basohoye, akamusomera urubanza amuciriye mu ngingo zarwo zose, uregwa adahawe ijambo kugira ngo agire icyo avuga ku cyaha cyakozwe, asanga binyuranyije n’ihame ry’ubutabera buboneye, cyane cyane ku bijyanye no kumenyeshwa imiterere n’impamvu z’icyaha akurikiranyweho, kwiregura no kunganirwa biteganyijwe mu ngingo ya 29, igika cya mbere, agace ka (a), y’Itegeko Nshinga. 

Ashingiye ku bisobanura yatanze, Uhagarariye Leta ay’u Rwanda asoza asaba ko ingingo yaregewe ya 81 y’Itegeko No 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryavuzwe haruguru, amagambo arimo amagambo anyuranyije n’Itegeko Nshinga yakurwamo agasimbuzwa bigatuma uko kunyuranya n’Itegeko Nshinga bivaho ariko hatanasigayeho icyuho mu mategeko.

Incamake y’icyemezo

1. Uregwa afite uburenganzira bwo kumenyeshwa imiterere n’impamvu z’icyaha akurikiranyweho, agahabwa umwanya wo kwiregura n’uburenganzira bwo kunganirwa n’umunyamategeko. Nta wavuga ko hubahirizwa ihame ry’ubutabera buboneye mu gihe umucamanza ategeka ushinzwe umutekano gusohora uwakoze icyaha gikorewe mu iburanisha, maze agahita amukatira igihano atabanje guhabwa umwanya wo kwiregura n’uburenganzira bwo kunganirwa. 

2. Kuba Umushingamategeko yarashyizeho ingingo ya 81, igika cya mbere n’icya kabiri, y’Itegeko No 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi, yari agamije ukubahiriza umutekano mu gihe cy’iburanisha, no kugira ngo habeho kubaha no guha agaciro imirimo ikorwa n’urukiko. 

 3. Ibyaha bikorewe mu rukiko ni ibikorwa byose bikorwa n’abari mu cyumba cy’iburanisha bibangamira imigendekere myiza y’iburanisha, bigamije gutesha agaciro no kubahuka urukiko, bikaba byatuma muri icyo cyumba habura ituze.

4. Urukiko rukorewemo icyaha gikorewe mu iburanisha ni rwo rufite ububasha bwo kukiburanisha mu rwego rwo kugarura ituze no gukomeza iburanisha. Umucamanza ukorewe imbere icyaha gikorewe mu iburanisha afite ububasha bwo gusobanura ibyo yiboneye, agahana ugikoze ashingiye ku mategeko. 

5. Kuba umucamanza yakorerwa icyaha mu iburanisha agahindukira agahana uwagikoze, nti byafatwa nko kwicira urubanza bibujijwe, mu gihe icyaha gikorewe mu iburanisha kiba atari icyaha gikorewe umucamanza ku giti cye, ahubwo ni icyaha kiba gikorewe ubutabera bwose muri rusange, buhagarariwe n’umucamanza muri iryo buranisha. 

6. Kuba ukurikiranyweho icyaha kibereye mu iburanisha ari we usohorwa abari mu cyumba cy’iburanisha bakagumamo, urukiko rukiherera; nti byafatwa nko kutubahiriza ihame ry’uko imanza ziburanishirizwa mu ruhame, mu gihe uwari wasohowe agaruka mu cyumba cy’iburanisha, urukiko rukamumenyesha mu ruhame icyemezo cyamufatiwe. 

7. Kuba umucamanza yandika urubanza ashingiye ku byabaye yiboneye, ubundi agasomera uregwa urubanza amuciriye ku cyaha yakoreye mu iburanisha; nti byafatwa nko kutubahiriza uburenganzira bwo gufatwa nk’umwere kugeza igihe urukiko rubifitiye ububasha rumuhamije icyaha, kuko igihe cyose umucamanza atarasomera ukurikiranweho icyo cyaha aba agifatwa nk’umwere. 

8. Ashyiraho ingingo ya 81, igika cya kabiri, y’Itegeko No 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi, umushingamategeko yari agamije ko ukoreye icyaha mu iburanisha ahanwa n’ubwo icyo gika kinyuranyije n’ihame ry’ubutabera buboneye buteganyijwe mu ngingo ya 29, igika cya mbere, agace ka (a) y’Itegeko Nshinga, ku birebana no kumenyeshwa imiterere n’impamvu z’icyaha akurikiranyweho, kwiregura no kunganirwa – Mu kwirinda ko habaho icyuho cyaterwa n’uko nta ngingo y’itegeko ihana ibyaha bikorewe mu nkiko, ingingo ya 81 y’iryo Tegeko yakuzuzwamo igika cya kabiri cyanditse mu buryo bukurikira: “Muri icyo gihe, umucamanza ahagarika iburanisha, agasaba abari mu iburanisha kugira ituze.

Umwanditsi akora inyandiko mvugo y’ibyabaye. Umucamanza amenyesha uregwa ibyaha yakoze ndetse agasaba umwanditsi gusomera uregwa inyandiko mvugo y’ibyabaye. Umucamanza abaza uregwa n’umwunganira iyo ahari cyangwa ashobora guhita aboneka ako kanya, kugira icyo avuga kuri ibyo byaha. Iyo uregwa afite imyitwarire idatanga ituze, umucamanza ategeka abashinzwe umutekano kumusohora. 

Umucamanza ahita yandika urubanza, hanyuma agasoma icyemezo afashe, agasubukura iburanisha”, bizatuma iyo ngingo itanyuranya n’Itegeko Nshinga.Ikirego gisaba gukuraho ingingo y’itegeko inyuranyije n’Itegeko Nshinga, gifite ishingiro kuri bimwe. Urubanza rutangazwa mu Igazeti ya Leta ya Repubulika y’u Rwanda

  Icyemezo cy’urukiko

Rwemeje ko ikirego cyatanzwe na Mironko François Xavier gisaba gukuraho ingingo ya 81, igika cya mbere n’icya kabiri, y’Itegeko No 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi nk’uko ryahinduwe kugeza ubu kuko inyuranyije n’Itegeko Nshinga rya Repubulika y’u Rwanda, gifite ishingiro kuri bimwe.

Rwemeje ko igika cya mbere cy’ingingo ya 81 y’Itegeko No 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi nk’uko ryahinduwe kugeza ubu kitanyuranyije n’ingingo ya 29 n’iya 152 z’Itegeko Nshinga rya Repubulika y’u Rwanda.

Rwemeje ko igika cya kabiri cy’ingingo ya 81 y’Itegeko No 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi nk’uko ryahinduwe kugeza ubu kinyuranyije n’ingingo ya 29, igika cya mbere, agace ka (a), y’Itegeko Nshinga rya Repubulika y’u Rwanda, bityo icyo gika kikaba nta gaciro gifite. 

Rutegetse ko ingingo ya 81 y’Itegeko No 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryavuzwe haruguru yujujwemo igika cya kabiri cyanditse mu buryo bukurikira: muri icyo gihe, umucamanza ahagarika iburanisha, agasaba abari mu iburanisha kugira ituze. Umwanditsi akora inyandiko mvugo y’ibyabaye. Umucamanza amenyesha uregwa ibyaha yakoze ndetse agasaba umwanditsi gusomera uregwa inyandiko mvugo y’ibyabaye. Umucamanza abaza uregwa n’umwunganira iyo ahari cyangwa ashobora guhita aboneka ako kanya, kugira icyo avuga kuri ibyo byaha.

Iyo uregwa afite imyitwarire idatanga ituze, umucamanza ategeka abashinzwe umutekano kumusohora. Umucamanza ahita yandika urubanza, hanyuma agasoma icyemezo afashe, agasubukura iburanisha. Urukiko rw'Ikirenga rwategetse ko uru rubanza rutangazwa mu Igazeti ya Leta ya Repubulika y’u Rwanda.

Umunyemari Mironko yaregeye Urukiko rw'Ikirenga,  rwemeza ko igika cya kabiri cy’ingingo ya 81 y’Itegeko No 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi nk’uko ryahinduwe kugeza ubu kinyuranyije n’ingingo ya 29, igika cya mbere, agace ka (a), y’Itegeko Nshinga rya Repubulika y’u Rwanda, bityo icyo gika kikaba nta gaciro gifite.