The statistics indicate that the City of Kigali and the Western Province account for the highest numbers of people diagnosed with HIV during this period.

In 2024 alone, 9,019 people were diagnosed with HIV. Of these, 3,503 were men and 5,516 were women, identified from a total of 1,026,851 people who were tested.

In 2023, more than 1.1 million people were tested, with 9,270 confirmed HIV-positive cases, including 3,752 men and 5,518 women. This was an increase compared to 2022, when 8,507 people tested positive, comprising 3,404 men and 5,103 women.

In 2021, a total of 9,422 people were diagnosed with HIV from over 1.5 million tests conducted. In 2020, 9,279 people tested positive out of more than 2.09 million tested. In 2019, out of 2.6 million people tested, 8,790 were found to be HIV-positive.

Regional distribution

The City of Kigali recorded the highest number of HIV cases. In 2024, Kigali registered 2,883 new cases, compared to 2,811 in 2023 and 2,756 in 2022. Previous years show 2,983 cases in 2021, 3,136 in 2020, and 3,707 in 2019.

Eastern Province followed Kigali, with 2,439 cases in 2024, down from 2,675 in 2023 and 2022. The province recorded 2,398 cases in 2020 and 2,676 in 2019.

Southern Province also reported significant numbers, with 1,573 cases in 2024, 1,543 in 2023, 1,420 in 2022, 1,589 in 2021, 1,665 in 2020, and 1,045 in 2019.

In Western Province, 1,257 people were diagnosed with HIV in 2024. The province recorded 1,431 cases in 2023, 1,400 in 2022, 2,460 in 2021, 1,319 in 2020, and 852 in 2019.

Northern Province recorded the lowest numbers, with 867 cases in 2024, 810 in 2023, 728 in 2022, 932 in 2021, 761 in 2020, and 510 in 2019.

Age groups and vulnerable populations

Over the six-year period, the majority of people diagnosed with HIV were aged above 25, accounting for 41,385 cases. This was followed by young people aged 15 to 24, who accounted for 11,234 cases.

Among pregnant women, 1,221 were living with HIV in 2024, compared to 1,141 in 2023, 1,420 in 2022, 1,625 in 2021, 1,314 in 2020, and 1,831 in 2019.

In 2024, 5,570 women living with HIV were receiving antiretroviral therapy, representing 99.0% coverage. The same year, 67,761 couples were tested, with 3,350 couples identified as sero-discordant, where one partner was HIV-positive and the other was HIV-negative.

In December 2025, the Rwanda Biomedical Centre (RBC) reported that approximately 234,000 people were living with HIV in Rwanda, with about 2,500 AIDS-related deaths recorded annually. New infections stood at 2.7% among people aged 15–49.

Rwanda has achieved the United Nations’ 95-95-95 targets, meaning 95% of people living with HIV know their status, 95% of those diagnosed are on treatment, and 95% of those on treatment have suppressed viral loads. Rwanda has surpassed these targets, reaching 96-98-98.

The Ministry of Health says continued investment in HIV prevention, care and treatment is yielding results, noting that in 2025, people aged over 50 accounted for 30% of all people living with HIV in the country.